Snapshot Array

Implement a SnapshotArray that supports the following interface:

• SnapshotArray(int length) initializes an array-like data structure with the given length. Initially, each element equals 0.

• void set(index, val) sets the element at the given index to be equal to val.

• int snap() takes a snapshot of the array and returns the snap_id: the total number of times we called snap() minus 1.

• int get(index, snap_id) returns the value at the given index, at the time we took the snapshot with the given snap_id

Example 1:

Input: ["SnapshotArray","set","snap","set","get"]
[[3],[0,5],[],[0,6],[0,0]]
Output: [null,null,0,null,5]
Explanation: 
SnapshotArray snapshotArr = new SnapshotArray(3); // set the length to be 3
snapshotArr.set(0,5);  // Set array[0] = 5
snapshotArr.snap();  // Take a snapshot, return snap_id = 0
snapshotArr.set(0,6);
snapshotArr.get(0,0);  // Get the value of array[0] with snap_id = 0, return 5

Constraints:

• 1 <= length <= 50000

• At most 50000 calls will be made to set, snap, and get.

• 0 <= index < length

• 0 <= snap_id < (the total number of times we call snap())

• 0 <= val <= 10^9

// We are only adding data for the values that change over a snap
// TreeMap -> floorKey(id) & ceilingKey(id)
class SnapshotArray {
    // Arrays of maps, where map are between snap_id -> element
    TreeMap<Integer, Integer>[] array;
    int snap_id;

    // O(NlogN)
    public SnapshotArray(int length) {
        this.snap_id = 0;
        array = new TreeMap[length];
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            array[i] = new TreeMap<>();
            array[i].put(0, 0);
        }
    }

    // O(logN)
    public void set(int index, int val) {
        array[index].put(this.snap_id, val);
    }

    // O(1)
    public int snap() {
        int snapped = snap_id;
        this.snap_id++;
        return snapped;
    }

    // O(logN)
    public int get(int index, int id) {
        // We will get that value from the snap_id <= id
        // Which ever is available
        Integer lastSnapID = array[index].floorKey(id);
        return array[index].get(lastSnapID);
    }
}