Design a data structure that supports all following operations in average O(1) time.Note: Duplicate elements are allowed.
insert(val): Inserts an item val to the collection.
remove(val): Removes an item val from the collection if present.
getRandom: Returns a random element from current collection of elements. The probability of each element being returned is linearly related to the number of same value the collection contains.
Example:
// Init an empty collection.
RandomizedCollection collection = new RandomizedCollection();
// Inserts 1 to the collection. Returns true as the collection did not contain 1.
collection.insert(1);
// Inserts another 1 to the collection. Returns false as the collection contained 1. Collection now contains [1,1].
collection.insert(1);
// Inserts 2 to the collection, returns true. Collection now contains [1,1,2].
collection.insert(2);
// getRandom should return 1 with the probability 2/3, and returns 2 with the probability 1/3.
collection.getRandom();
// Removes 1 from the collection, returns true. Collection now contains [1,2].
collection.remove(1);
// getRandom should return 1 and 2 both equally likely.
collection.getRandom();
public class RandomizedCollection {
ArrayList<Integer> nums;
// Map of element -> Set of indices at which it is present
HashMap<Integer, Set<Integer>> map;
Random random = new Random();
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
public RandomizedCollection() {
nums = new ArrayList<Integer>();
map = new HashMap<Integer, Set<Integer>>();
}
/**
* Inserts a value to the collection. Returns true if the collection did not
* already contain the specified element.
*/
public boolean insert(int val) {
boolean contain = map.containsKey(val);
if (!contain)
map.put(val, new HashSet<Integer>());
map.get(val).add(nums.size());
nums.add(val);
return !contain;
}
/**
* Removes a value from the collection. Returns true if the collection contained
* the specified element.
*/
public boolean remove(int val) {
boolean contain = map.containsKey(val);
if (!contain)
return false;
int index = map.get(val).iterator().next();
map.get(val).remove(index);
if (index < nums.size() - 1) {
// Swapping
int lastOne = nums.get(nums.size() - 1);
nums.set(index, lastOne);
// Changing indices in set of last element
map.get(lastOne).remove(nums.size() - 1);
map.get(lastOne).add(index);
}
nums.remove(nums.size() - 1);
if (map.get(val).isEmpty())
map.remove(val);
return true;
}
/** Get a random element from the collection. */
public int getRandom() {
return nums.get(random.nextInt(nums.size()));
}
}